# Windows Server 2012 自动备份脚本
# 功能：自动执行系统备份，支持备份到本地磁盘或网络共享
# 作者：豆包编程助手
# 日期：2025-10-08

# 配置备份参数
$backupPolicyName = "DailySystemBackup"  # 备份策略名称
$backupDestination = "D:\Backup"         # 备份目标路径（本地路径或网络路径如 \\server\share\backup）
$backupItems = @("C:")                   # 需要备份的卷，默认系统盘C:
$retentionPolicy = 7                     # 备份保留天数
$isNetworkDestination = $false           # 是否是网络备份目标

# 检查Windows Server Backup功能是否已安装
$wsbFeature = Get-WindowsFeature Windows-Server-Backup
if ($wsbFeature.Installed -eq $false) {
    Write-Host "正在安装Windows Server Backup功能..."
    Install-WindowsFeature Windows-Server-Backup -IncludeManagementTools
    if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
        Write-Error "安装Windows Server Backup功能失败，请手动安装后重试"
        exit 1
    }
}

# 检查备份目标路径是否存在
if ($isNetworkDestination) {
    # 网络路径不需要预先创建，但需要确保有访问权限
    Write-Host "使用网络备份目标: $backupDestination"
} else {
    if (-not (Test-Path $backupDestination)) {
        Write-Host "备份目标路径不存在，正在创建: $backupDestination"
        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $backupDestination | Out-Null
        if (-not (Test-Path $backupDestination)) {
            Write-Error "创建备份目标路径失败: $backupDestination"
            exit 1
        }
    }
}

# 创建或更新备份策略
try {
    Write-Host "正在配置备份策略..."
    
    # 如果存在同名策略，先删除
    if (Get-WBPolicy -Name $backupPolicyName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
        Remove-WBPolicy -Name $backupPolicyName -Force
    }
    
    # 创建新的备份策略
    $policy = New-WBPolicy -Name $backupPolicyName
    
    # 添加需要备份的项目
    foreach ($item in $backupItems) {
        $volume = Get-WBVolume -VolumePath $item
        Add-WBVolume -Policy $policy -Volume $volume
    }
    
    # 配置备份目标
    if ($isNetworkDestination) {
        $backupLocation = New-WBBackupTarget -NetworkPath $backupDestination
    } else {
        $backupLocation = New-WBBackupTarget -VolumePath $backupDestination
    }
    Add-WBBackupTarget -Policy $policy -Target $backupLocation
    
    # 配置备份类型为完整备份
    Set-WBPolicy -Policy $policy -BackupType Full
    
    # 配置备份保留策略
    Set-WBPolicy -Policy $policy -RetentionPeriod $retentionPolicy
    
    # 保存备份策略
    Save-WBPolicy -Policy $policy
    
    Write-Host "备份策略配置完成"
}
catch {
    Write-Error "配置备份策略时出错: $_"
    exit 1
}

# 执行备份
try {
    Write-Host "开始执行备份任务..."
    $policy = Get-WBPolicy -Name $backupPolicyName
    Start-WBBackup -Policy $policy -Async
    
    # 等待备份完成（最长等待24小时）
    $timeout = New-TimeSpan -Hours 24
    $stopwatch = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew()
    
    do {
        $status = Get-WBJob -Previous 1
        if ($status.JobState -eq "Completed") {
            Write-Host "备份任务成功完成"
            exit 0
        }
        if ($status.JobState -eq "Failed") {
            Write-Error "备份任务失败: $($status.ResultMessage)"
            exit 1
        }
        Start-Sleep -Seconds 60
    } while ($stopwatch.Elapsed -lt $timeout)
    
    Write-Error "备份任务超时"
    exit 1
}
catch {
    Write-Error "执行备份时出错: $_"
    exit 1
}